Products related to Ethics:
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Experiments in Ethics
In the past few decades, scientists of human nature—including experimental and cognitive psychologists, neuroscientists, evolutionary theorists, and behavioral economists—have explored the way we arrive at moral judgments.They have called into question commonplaces about character and offered troubling explanations for various moral intuitions.Research like this may help explain what, in fact, we do and feel.But can it tell us what we ought to do or feel? In Experiments in Ethics, the philosopher Kwame Anthony Appiah explores how the new empirical moral psychology relates to the age-old project of philosophical ethics. Some moral theorists hold that the realm of morality must be autonomous of the sciences; others maintain that science undermines the authority of moral reasons.Appiah elaborates a vision of naturalism that resists both temptations.He traces an intellectual genealogy of the burgeoning discipline of "experimental philosophy," provides a balanced, lucid account of the work being done in this controversial and increasingly influential field, and offers a fresh way of thinking about ethics in the classical tradition. Appiah urges that the relation between empirical research and morality, now so often antagonistic, should be seen in terms of dialogue, not contest. And he shows how experimental philosophy, far from being something new, is actually as old as philosophy itself.Beyond illuminating debates about the connection between psychology and ethics, intuition and theory, his book helps us to rethink the very nature of the philosophical enterprise.
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Noncognitivism in Ethics
According to noncognitivists, when we say that stealing is wrong, what we are doing is more like venting our feelings about stealing or encouraging one another not to steal, than like stating facts about morality.These ideas challenge the core not only of much thinking about morality and metaethics, but also of much philosophical thought about language and meaning.Noncognitivism in Ethics is an outstanding introduction to these theories, ranging from their early history through the latest contemporary developments.Beginning with a general introduction to metaethics, Mark Schroeder introduces and assesses three principal kinds of noncognitivist theory: the speech-act theories of Ayer, Stevenson, and Hare; the expressivist theories of Blackburn and Gibbard; and hybrid theories.He pays particular attention both to the philosophical problems about what moral facts could be about or how they could matter, which noncognitivism seeks to solve, and to the deep problems that it faces, including the task of explaining both the nature of moral thought and the complexity of moral attitudes, and the ‘Frege–Geach’ problem.This second edition has been revised and updated throughout.It includes new sections on whether expressivism is a metasemantic thesis; the rise of relational expressivism; the idea that expressivism leads us to a novel understanding of the nature of propositions; and expressivism and epistemic modals, deontic modals, probability, and truth.Schroeder makes even the most difficult material accessible by offering crucial background along the way.Also included are exercises at the end of each chapter, chapter summaries, and a glossary of technical terms, making Noncognitivism in Ethics essential reading for all students of ethics and metaethics.
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Markets, Ethics, and Business Ethics
This book introduces a study of ethics and values to develop a deeper understanding of markets, business, and economic life.Its distinctive feature is its thorough integration across personal and institutional perspectives; across applied ethics and political philosophy; and across philosophy, business, and economics.Part 1 studies markets, property rights, and law, and introduces normative theories with many applications.Part 2 examines the purpose of corporations and their responsibilities.Parts 3 and 4 analyze business and economic life through the ethics and values of welfare and efficiency, liberty, rights, equality, desert, personal character, community, and the common good.This second edition maintains the strengths of the first edition—short, digestible chapters and engaging writing that explains challenging ideas clearly.The material is user-friendly, with an emphasis on a strong theoretical core.Easily adaptable to the instructor’s teaching, the chapters are separable and can be shaped to the interests of the instructor with suggested course outlines and flexible application to case studies.This text is designed both for coursework in business ethics, as well as interdisciplinary programs in philosophy, politics, economics, and law. This second edition: revises presentation of eight normative theories, with increased emphasis on linksto business and economic life; incorporates recent scholarship on shareholder/stakeholder debates about the purpose of corporations, bringing this important topic up to date; includes a new, streamlined preface that provides a quick overview of the book before smoothly guiding the reader to the first chapter; uses updated examples and applications; revamps a useful appendix, including enhancing the popular primer on ethics; includes Key Terms, Discussion Questions, Biographies, and Lists of Further Readings at the end of each chapter; includes a new ending chapter on the value of an ethical life.
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Markets, Ethics, and Business Ethics
This book introduces a study of ethics and values to develop a deeper understanding of markets, business, and economic life.Its distinctive features include a thorough integration of personal and institutional perspectives; applied ethics and political philosophy; and philosophy, business, and economics. Part 1 introduces a study of markets, property rights, and law.Part 2 examines the purpose and responsibilities of corporations.Parts 3 and 4 analyze economic life through the ethics and values of welfare and efficiency, liberty, rights, equality, desert, personal character, community, and the common good. This third edition maintains the strengths of previous editions – short, digestible chapters and engaging writing that explains challenging ideas clearly.The material is easily adaptable with suggested course outlines, separable chapters, and flexible applications to case studies.This book is designed for interdisciplinary programs in philosophy, politics, and economics (PPE), as well as courses in business ethics. Updates to the third edition include:addition of a new introductory chapter on the value of an ethical lifecoverage of AI developments, including copyrights and patent implications, social media companies and CSR, ethical differences between AI and human personality, and impacts on meaningful work integration of recent scholarship, bringing discussions and references up to dateimprovement of the writing across all chapters, making the book easier to read addition of new material on the is-ought gap in Chapter 1 with revised discussion of personal and institutional points of view editing and repositioning of consequentialist and deontological ethics in Chapter 3revision of appendix for instructors that includes different syllabi possibilities for different types of coursesThe eBook of the third edition now includes hyperlinks (1) between when a term is first used in the main text and its definition in the Glossary and (2) between germane sections when they are cross-referenced. Steven Scalet is Professor of Philosophy and Director of the Hoffberger Center for Ethical Engagement at the University of Baltimore, USA.Prior to Baltimore, Scalet was Director of the Program in Philosophy, Politics, and Law at Binghamton University (SUNY), USA, where he received the Chancellor’s Award for Excellence in Teaching.Scalet received his PhD in philosophy and MA in economics from the University of Arizona, USA.Scalet is the author of many articles and the editor of Morality and Moral Controversies: Readings in Moral, Social, and Political Philosophy, 10th Edition (Routledge, 2019).
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Can you explain virtue ethics, duty ethics, and goods ethics?
Virtue ethics focuses on the character of the individual and emphasizes the development of virtuous traits such as honesty, courage, and compassion. It is concerned with cultivating moral excellence and living a good life. Duty ethics, also known as deontological ethics, is based on the idea that certain actions are inherently right or wrong, regardless of their consequences. It emphasizes the importance of following moral rules and fulfilling one's duties and obligations. Goods ethics, or consequentialism, evaluates the morality of an action based on its outcomes or consequences. It focuses on maximizing the overall good or happiness and considers the potential impact of an action on others.
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Is Buddhist ethics comparable to Christian ethics?
Buddhist ethics and Christian ethics share some similarities, such as the emphasis on compassion, love, and non-violence. Both traditions also promote the idea of treating others with kindness and respect. However, there are also significant differences between the two, such as the concept of sin and salvation in Christianity, which is not present in Buddhism. Additionally, the role of divine authority and the concept of God differs between the two traditions. Overall, while there are some common ethical principles, the underlying beliefs and foundations of Buddhist and Christian ethics are distinct.
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Does Kant's deontological ethics contradict Aristotle's eudaemonistic ethics?
Kant's deontological ethics and Aristotle's eudaemonistic ethics have some fundamental differences, but they do not necessarily contradict each other. Kant's ethics focus on duty and the intention behind actions, while Aristotle's ethics emphasize achieving eudaimonia, or human flourishing, through virtuous actions. While Kant's emphasis on duty can sometimes conflict with Aristotle's emphasis on virtue, both ethical theories ultimately aim to guide individuals towards leading a good and moral life. Therefore, while they may approach ethics from different perspectives, they can be seen as complementary rather than contradictory.
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Is Nicomachean Ethics the same as Virtue Ethics?
Nicomachean Ethics is a specific work by Aristotle that is considered one of the foundational texts in virtue ethics. While Nicomachean Ethics is a key text within the broader framework of virtue ethics, virtue ethics itself is a broader ethical theory that encompasses various other works and perspectives beyond just Aristotle's. So, while Nicomachean Ethics is a significant part of virtue ethics, they are not exactly the same thing.
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Markets, Ethics, and Business Ethics
This book introduces a study of ethics and values to develop a deeper understanding of markets, business, and economic life.Its distinctive features include a thorough integration of personal and institutional perspectives; applied ethics and political philosophy; and philosophy, business, and economics. Part 1 introduces a study of markets, property rights, and law.Part 2 examines the purpose and responsibilities of corporations.Parts 3 and 4 analyze economic life through the ethics and values of welfare and efficiency, liberty, rights, equality, desert, personal character, community, and the common good. This third edition maintains the strengths of previous editions – short, digestible chapters and engaging writing that explains challenging ideas clearly.The material is easily adaptable with suggested course outlines, separable chapters, and flexible applications to case studies.This book is designed for interdisciplinary programs in philosophy, politics, and economics (PPE), as well as courses in business ethics. Updates to the third edition include:addition of a new introductory chapter on the value of an ethical lifecoverage of AI developments, including copyrights and patent implications, social media companies and CSR, ethical differences between AI and human personality, and impacts on meaningful work integration of recent scholarship, bringing discussions and references up to dateimprovement of the writing across all chapters, making the book easier to read addition of new material on the is-ought gap in Chapter 1 with revised discussion of personal and institutional points of view editing and repositioning of consequentialist and deontological ethics in Chapter 3revision of appendix for instructors that includes different syllabi possibilities for different types of coursesThe eBook of the third edition now includes hyperlinks (1) between when a term is first used in the main text and its definition in the Glossary and (2) between germane sections when they are cross-referenced. Steven Scalet is Professor of Philosophy and Director of the Hoffberger Center for Ethical Engagement at the University of Baltimore, USA.Prior to Baltimore, Scalet was Director of the Program in Philosophy, Politics, and Law at Binghamton University (SUNY), USA, where he received the Chancellor’s Award for Excellence in Teaching.Scalet received his PhD in philosophy and MA in economics from the University of Arizona, USA.Scalet is the author of many articles and the editor of Morality and Moral Controversies: Readings in Moral, Social, and Political Philosophy, 10th Edition (Routledge, 2019).
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The Ethics of Virtual and Augmented Reality : Building Worlds
This book offers new ways of thinking about and assessing the impact of virtual reality on its users.It argues that we must go beyond traditional psychological concepts of VR "presence" to better understand the many varieties of virtual experiences. The author provides compelling evidence that VR simulations are capable of producing "virtually real" experiences in people.He also provides a framework for understanding when and how simulations induce virtually real experiences.From these insights, the book shows that virtually real experiences are responsible for several unaddressed ethical issues in VR research and design.Experimental philosophers, moral psychologists, and institutional review boards must become sensitive to the ethical issues involved between designing "realistic" virtual dilemmas, for good data collection, and avoiding virtually real trauma.Ethicists and game designers must do more to ensure that their simulations don’t inculcate harmful character traits.Virtually real experiences, the author claims, can make virtual relationships meaningful, productive, and conducive to welfare but they can also be used to systematically mislead and manipulate users about the nature of their experiences. The Ethics of Virtual and Augmented Reality will appeal to philosophers working in applied ethics, philosophy of technology, and aesthetics, as well as researchers and students interested in game studies and game design.
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Ethics
Translated by W.H.White and A.K.Stirling. With an Introduction by Don Garrett. Benedict de Spinoza lived a life of blameless simplicity as a lens-grinder in Holland. And yet in his lifetime he was expelled from the Jewish community in Amsterdam as a heretic, and after his death his works were first banned by the Christian authorities as atheistic, then hailed by humanists as the gospel of Pantheism. His Ethics Demonstrated in Geometrical Order shows us the reality behind this enigmatic figure.First published by his friends after his premature death at the age of forty-four, the Ethics uses the methods of Euclid to describe a single entity, properly called both 'God' and 'Nature', of which mind and matter are two manifestations.From this follow, in ways that are strikingly modern, the identity of mind and body, the necessary causation of events and actions, and the illusory nature of free will.
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Ethics
Dietrich von Hildebrand offers here the most nuanced version that we have of a value-based ethics, building on the ethics of Max Scheler, but going far beyond it. The Prolegomena of the work gives an account of Hildebrand's understanding of phenomenology. In the first fourteen chapters Hildebrand lays out a general theory of value, in which he distinguishes himself from his predecessors by not limiting value to the sense of what is good for the human person, but instead placing at the center of his reflections what is good and worthy in itself, prior to its beneficent impact on human persons. On this basis he develops his signature concept of value-response, wherein a person gives value its due, along with his signature concept of the transcendence of the person in value-response. He re-thinks virtue theory on the basis of his value philosophy, and in doing so he places virtue at the center of his ethics long before the revival of virtue theory in Anglo-American thought. Of particular importance is his re-thinking of moral evil in its different forms, and he throws new light on the question how it is possible knowingly to do wrong. The book concludes with probing account of the religious dimension of the moral life and the place of God in morality.
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Is responsibility ethics the same as future ethics?
Responsibility ethics and future ethics are related but not the same. Responsibility ethics focuses on the moral obligations and duties that individuals and organizations have in the present moment, while future ethics considers the ethical implications of our actions on future generations and the long-term consequences of our choices. While responsibility ethics emphasizes the immediate impact of our actions, future ethics considers the broader and long-term effects of our decisions on the well-being of future generations and the sustainability of the planet. Both are important aspects of ethical decision-making, but they address different time frames and perspectives.
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Does ethics still exist nowadays? Is ethics a problem?
Ethics still exist nowadays as a set of moral principles that guide human behavior and decision-making. However, there are instances where ethical considerations are overlooked or compromised in favor of personal gain or convenience, making ethics a problem in society. It is important for individuals and organizations to prioritize ethical behavior to maintain trust, integrity, and social responsibility. Efforts to promote ethical conduct through education, awareness, and accountability can help address ethical challenges in today's world.
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Should one study ethics in the teaching profession for philosophy or ethics?
One should study ethics in the teaching profession from both a philosophical and ethical perspective. Philosophy provides a theoretical framework for understanding the fundamental principles of ethics, while ethics offers practical guidance on how to apply these principles in real-life teaching situations. By studying both, educators can develop a deep understanding of ethical issues and dilemmas in education and cultivate the critical thinking skills necessary to navigate them effectively. This dual approach can help teachers make informed, morally sound decisions in their professional practice.
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What is ethics?
Ethics is a branch of philosophy that deals with moral principles and values that govern individual behavior and decision-making. It involves distinguishing between right and wrong actions, as well as understanding the consequences of those actions on individuals and society as a whole. Ethics provides a framework for individuals to make ethical choices and behave in a morally responsible manner. It also helps in creating a sense of accountability and integrity in personal and professional relationships.
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